Fri Jan 21 2022

75 articles - From Saturday Jan 15 2022 to Friday Jan 21 2022

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Guidelines

Guidelines, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…


Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Am J Gastroenterol

Colonoscopy related adverse events in patients with abnormal stool-based tests - A systematic review of literature and meta-analysis of outcomes.

Our analysis shows that in colonoscopies performed following abnormal stool-based testing, the overall risk of severe adverse events, perforation, bleeding, and death is minimal.

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Hepatology

Hepatocellular carcinoma incidence after hepatitis C cure among patients with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis: a meta-analysis.

Among patients with cirrhosis, the incidence of HCC decreases over time after HCV cure and is lowest in patients with younger age and compensated cirrhosis. The substantially lower incidence in F3 fibrosis is below the recommended threshold for cost-effective screening. The results should encourage the development of validated predictive models that better identify at-risk individuals, especially among patients with F3 fibrosis.

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Studies

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

NUDT15 intermediate metabolisers are associated with lower loss of response in paediatric Crohn's disease patients treated by combination treatment with infliximab and azathioprine.

NUDT15 intermediate metabolisers were associated with lower LOR in paediatric patients with CD treated with IFX and AZA combination therapy. This finding may partially explain the longer durability of IFX in Korean children than their counterparts in Western countries.

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Serum soluble programmed cell death 1 levels predict spontaneous functional cure in inactive carriers with chronic hepatitis B.

sPD-1 level is a novel marker which independently predicts spontaneous HBsAg seroclearance of HBeAg-negative inactive CHB patients with undetectable HBV DNA. (word count 234, <250).

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Am J Clin Nutr

An evaluation of the serum carbon isotope ratio as a candidate predictive biomarker for dietary animal protein ratio (animal protein/total protein) in a 15-d controlled feeding study of US adults.

Based on our findings in this United States cohort of mixed sex and age, we propose the serum CIR alongside NIR as a predictive dietary biomarker of APR. We anticipate using this biomarker to generate calibrated estimates based on self-reported intake and ultimately to obtain more precise disease risk estimates according to dietary protein source.

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An implicit priming intervention alters brain and behavioral responses to high-calorie foods: a randomized controlled study.

Reduced insula and striatum response to high-calorie foods following active vs control IP suggests effectiveness of IP in altering food cue salience. Reduced dlPFC response to high-calorie foods following active vs control IP may reflect fewer attentional resources directed to those images and reduced engagement of inhibitory processes Clinical trial registration This study was registered with clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02347527.

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Association of waist-calf circumference ratio with incident cognitive impairment in older adults.

High WC and low CC were significantly associated with higher incident cognitive impairment in older adults. Moreover, WCR had a relatively stronger association with cognitive impairment compared with each circumference, suggesting maintaining both higher lean mass and lower central fat in older adults for the prevention of cognitive impairment.

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Change in plasma alpha-tocopherol associations with attenuated pulmonary function decline and with CYP4F2 missense variation.

Greater response to vitamin E supplementation was associated with attenuated FEV1 decline. The response to supplementation differed by rs2108622 such that individuals with the C allele, compared to the T allele, may need a higher dietary intake to reach the same plasma vitamin E concentration. Clinical Trial Registry Number The ClinicalTrials.gov identifier of the SELECT trial is NCT00006392 (https //clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00006392) and the identifier of the RAS trial is NCT00063453 (https //clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00063453).

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Chronic and acute hypervitaminosis A are associated with suboptimal anthropometric measurements in a cohort of South African preschool children.

Excessive TLRs due to dietary vitamin A intake and supplementation is associated with lower anthropometric measures and bone resorption decreased after supplementation. Vitamin A supplementation programs should monitor VA status with biomarkers sensitive to TLRs to avoid causing negative consequences in children with hypervitaminosis A.The Clinical Trial Registry number is NCT02915731 https //clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02915731.

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Emergence of the obesity epidemic: six decade visualization with humanoid avatars.

New mathematical approaches and accessible 3D optical technology combined with increasingly available large and diverse data sets across the lifespan now makes unique visualization of body size and shape possible on a previously unattainable scale. The study is registered at https //clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03637855.

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Estimated causal effects of complementary feeding behaviors on early childhood diet quality in a US cohort.

Delayed introduction of sweets/juice, continued offering of refused foods, and early flavor/texture variety may al result in higher childhood diet quality. Effects may depend on child sex and infant breastfeeding status. Clinical Trial Registry information Project Viva is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02820402.

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Nutrition-related claims lead parents to choose less healthy drinks for young children: a randomized trial in a virtual convenience store.

Nutrition-related claims led parents to choose less healthy beverages for their children and misled them about the healthfulness of fruit drinks. Labeling regulations could mitigate misleading marketing of fruit drinks. Clinical Trial Registry This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT04381481.

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Preconception caffeine metabolites, caffeinated beverage intake, and fecundability.

Our findings are reassuring that caffeine exposure from usual low to moderate caffeinated beverage intake likely does not influence fecundability. Registration NCT00467363 (https //clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00467363).

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Am J Gastroenterol

Artificial Intelligence and the Risk for Intuition Decline in Clinical Medicine.

Clinical applicability needs to be determined. Some concerns inherent to the use of AI are discussed, including the need to verify that the quality of data used for machine training is optimal. The black box nature of AI-identified associations is discussed, along with the lack of pathophysiologic coherence allowing intuitive medical reasoning.

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Associations between Autoimmune Conditions and Gastric Cancer Risk among Elderly Adults in the United States.

Autoimmune conditions associated with gastric cancer or PA may reflect effects of autoimmune gastritis or other carcinogenic pathways.

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Development of the AI-Cirrhosis-ECG (ACE) Score: An electrocardiogram-based deep learning model in cirrhosis.

The ACE score, a deep learning model, can accurately discriminate ECGs from patients with and without cirrhosis. This novel relationship between AI-enabled ECG analysis and cirrhosis holds promise as the basis for future low-cost tools and applications in the care of patients with liver disease.

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Factors Affecting Initial Humoral Immune Response to SARS-Cov-2 Vaccines among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

Most patients with IBD mount an initial response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination; however, older patients and those treated with anti-TNF and immunomodulator have blunted responses and may benefit the most from an additional vaccine dose. Patients treated with other classes of immunosuppressive medications have more robust initial immune responses to vaccination. These data should inform key decisions about patient selection for additional COVID-19 vaccine doses in patients with IBD.

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Full-thickness scar resection following R1/Rx excised T1 colorectal cancers as alternative to completion surgery.

FTRS after local excision of a T1 CRC with R1/Rx resection margins as sole risk factor, followed by surveillance and salvage surgery in case of CRC recurrence, could be a valid alternative strategy to CS.

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Intracystic glucose and carcinoembryonic antigen in differentiating histologically-confirmed pancreatic mucinous neoplastic cysts.

Intracystic glucose is superior to CEA concentration for differentiating MNPCs when analyzed from freshly-obtained fluid of cysts with histologic diagnoses. The advantage of glucose is augmented by its low cost and ease of implementation and therefore, its widespread adoption should come without barriers. Glucose has supplanted CEA as the best fluid biomarker in differentiating MNPCs.

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Motivation to reduce drinking and engagement in alcohol misuse treatment in alcohol-related liver disease: a national health survey.

ALD patients with recent hospital admission were more motivated to cut down, and motivation predicted engagement in alcohol misuse treatment. This insight can help us target brief interventions.

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The COVID-19 pandemic highlights opportunities to improve hepatocellular carcinoma screening and diagnosis in a national health system: COVID-19 and HCC screening and diagnosis.

Screening and diagnosis rates declined post-pandemic. Prioritizing screening for patients at greatest risk for HCC may reduce delays in diagnosis.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Risk Factors for Incident Inflammatory Bowel Disease According to Disease Phenotype.

In three large prospective cohorts, we observed that dietary and lifestyle risk factors for IBD may differ according to disease phenotype. These findings highlight the need for disease stratification in future epidemiologic studies.

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Gastroenterology

Gestational insulin resistance is mediated by the gut microbiome-indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase axis.

GM changes accompanying pregnancy shift IDO1-dependent tryptophan metabolism toward kynurenine production, intestinal inflammation and gestational IR, a; phenotype reversed by genetic deletion or inhibition of IDO1.

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PUFA-induced metabolic enteritis as a fuel for Crohn's disease.

We provide evidence for the concept of PUFA-induced metabolic gut inflammation which may worsen the course of human CD. Our findings provide a basis for targeted nutritional therapy.

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Toll-like receptor 1 locus re-examined in a genome-wide association study update on anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG titers.

The association between anti-H. pylori IgG titers and TLR1/6/10 locus was not replicated across cohorts, possibly due to dependency of anti-H. pylori IgG titers on therapy, clearance and antibody decay. H. pylori-mediated immune cell activation is partly mediated via TLR1 signaling, which in turn is affected by genetic variation.

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Hepatology

Cholangiocarcinoma progression depends on the uptake and metabolization of extracellular lipids.

Highly-proliferative human CCA cells rely on lipid and lipoprotein uptake to fuel FA catabolism, suggesting that inhibition of FAO and/or lipid uptake could represent a novel therapeutic strategy for this CCA subclass.

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Machine learning algorithms for predicting direct-acting antiviral treatment failure in chronic hepatitis C: An HCV-TARGET analysis.

Machine learning algorithms performed effectively for risk prediction and stratification of DAA treatment failure.

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Single-cell biology uncovers apoptotic cell death and its spatial organization as a potential modifier of tumor diversity in hepatocellular carcinoma.

These results are consistent with the hypothesis that increased apoptotic cell death may lead to greater tumor heterogeneity and thus worse patient outcomes.

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Inflamm Bowel Dis

Outcomes of Ileoanal Pouch Anastomosis in Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Are Worse in the Modern Era: A Time Trend Analysis Outcomes Following Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis in Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis.

There are lower rates of pouch survival for children with UC who underwent IPAA following the uptake of anti-TNF therapy compared with both historical pediatric control subjects and contemporary adults.

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Predicting Risk of Surgery in Patients With Small Bowel Crohn's Disease Strictures Using Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Enterography.

CTE or MRE imaging findings in combination with HBI can potentially predict which patients will require surgery within 2 years.

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The Cumulative Incidence of Pouchitis in Pediatric Patients With Ulcerative Colitis.

Our findings confirm the high incidence of pouchitis demonstrated in earlier single-center studies of pediatric patients undergoing proctocolectomy with IPAA for UC. Identification of risk factors for pouchitis would be useful to optimize early intervention.

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The Multiple Waves of COVID-19 in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Temporal Trend Analysis.

Temporal trends in reporting of COVID-19 in those with IBD are consistent with the epidemiological patterns COVID-19 globally.

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J Crohns Colitis

Implementation and short-term adverse events of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients: an international web-based survey.

Although IBD patients raised concerns about the safety and efficacy of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, the implementation of vaccination in those responding to our survey was high and the adverse events were comparable to the general population, with minimal impact on their IBD.

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The Development and Validation of Anti-Paratuberculosis-Nocardia Polypeptide Antibody [anti-pTNP] for the Diagnosis of Crohn's Disease.

Anti-pTNP functions as a novel biological marker for diagnosing CD and can be used to assess disease severity, particularly in those with lesion locations in the terminal ileum, stricturing and perianal diseases. A validated prediction model reveals that anti-pTNPs are useful for estimating the likelihood of active CD.

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Liver Transpl

Graft fibrosis over 10 to 15 years in pediatric liver transplant recipients: Multi-center study of paired, longitudinal surveillance biopsies.

Although fibrosis prevalence and severity 6-12 years after transplant was similar to previous reports, fibrosis trajectory over the next 4-5 years was stable. Our data may be reassuring for children with consistently normal liver tests. A comprehensive understanding of factors determining allograft health over the very long-term is essential to optimizing allograft and patient health.

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Neurogastroenterol Motil

Effect of phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor rolipram on colonic hypermotility in water avoidance stress rat model.

Rolipram could relieve stress-induced gastrointestinal hypermotility. This effect may be partly through the cAMP-PKA-p-CREB pathway and NO pathway.

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Patient knowledge of gut microbiota and acceptability of fecal microbiota transplantation in various diseases.

Knowledge of gut microbiota is still limited in patients' communities and mainly developed by patients themselves, impacting FMT acceptability.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Editorial: an accurate, reliable and responsive ultrasound activity score for Crohn's disease? Sounds good to US.

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Editorial: early and persistent biological treatment and its impact on long term surgical outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease.

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Editorial: real-world safety of tofacitinib in ulcerative colitis.

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Editorial: testing for Epstein-Barr virus and treating autoimmune hepatitis-still a long way to go!

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Hepatology

Combining immune checkpoint inhibitors with immunomodulators: Lessons from different metastatic sites.

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The digital transformation of hepatology: The patient is logged in.

Digital solutions can monitor and detect early changes in physiological data, predict disease progression and health-related outcomes based on individual risk factors, and manage disease intervention with a range of accessible telemedicine and mobile health options. In this review, we discuss the unique transformation underway in the care of patients with liver disease, specifically examining the digital transformation of diagnostics, prediction and clinical decision-making, and management. Additionally, we discuss the general considerations needed to confirm validity and oversight of new technologies, usability and acceptability of digital solutions, and equity and inclusivity of vulnerable populations.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Editorial: an accurate, reliable and responsive ultrasound activity score for Crohn's disease? Sounds good to US. Authors' reply.

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Editorial: testing for Epstein Barr virus and treating autoimmune hepatitis-still a long way to go! Authors' reply.

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Letter: the hidden reasons of long-term risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding after Helicobacter pylori eradication-authors' reply.

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Letter: the hidden reasons of long-term risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding after Helicobacter pylori eradication.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Reply to "Body-mass index and PNPLA3 genetic variant modify the association of alcohol consumption with liver fat content".

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Some issues considered for clip closure after endoscopic resection of large serrated polyps.

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Gastroenterology

A road less travelled: To a finite CHB therapy.

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Correspondence on Clinical care pathway for the risk stratification and management of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

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Reply: Letter to the Editor: Prospective Assessment for Prediabetes and New-Onset Diabetes in High-Risk Individuals Undergoing Pancreatic Cancer Screening.

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Gastrointest Endosc

A novel 1-L PEG + ascorbate versus high-volume PEG regimen for colonoscopy cleansing.

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Endoscopic hand suturing as a new technique for healing of the post-endoscopic submucosal dissection wound.

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Gut

SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has impacted on patterns of aetiology for acute pancreatitis and management of gallstone pancreatitis in the UK.

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Hepatology

Letter to the editor: Is there a place for machine perfusion strategies in pediatric liver transplantation?

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Liver splitting during ex-situ perfusion: do not count your chickens before the're hatched ….

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Organ shortage and pediatric liver transplantation: David against Goliath….

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Others

all remaining publications eg case reports, images of the month, etc…

Am J Gastroenterol

An Early Gastric Cancer Arising on an Fundic Gland Polyp.

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Board Review Vignette: Lessons Learned in the Management of Hepatorenal Syndrome Type 1 with Terlipressin.

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Hemostasis during Endoscopic Necrosectomy: Spray coagulation can be a savior!

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Right Upper Abdominal Mass with Unusual Elevation of Tumor Biomarkers.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiensis incidentally detected at colonoscopy.

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INDUCTION EFFICACY OF UPADACITINIB IN THERAPY-REFRACTORY CROHN'S DISEASE - A RETROSPECTIVE CASE SERIES.

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Prostate Cancer Masquerading as Colon Adenocarcinoma.

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Spleen size does not correlate with histological stage of liver disease in people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

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What Faculty and Fellows Should Know About Milestones 2.0.

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Gastroenterology

Rising Incidence of Cancer of the Small Intestine: Overdiagnosis & Better Diagnosis of Low-Lethality Disease.

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Gastrointest Endosc

Performing Surveillance Endoscopy for Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

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Hepatology

Hepatology Highlights.

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Seeking editor for Clinical Liver Disease.

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Inflamm Bowel Dis

Cryptogenic Multifocal Ulcerous Stenosing Enteritis: A Case Report.

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The Pediatric Pouch Deserves Precision.

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Tofacitinib Inhibits Leukocyte Trafficking Across the Intestinal Endothelial Barrier in a Specific Cohort of Ulcerative Colitis Patients.

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J Hepatol

From the Editor's Desk...

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